@font-face {
  font-family: "Black Atlas Research Display";
  src: url("/black-atlas-cormorant-garamond-regular-cyrillic.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-display: swap;
  unicode-range: U+0301, U+0400-045F, U+0490-0491, U+04B0-04B1, U+2116;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Black Atlas Research Display";
  src: url("/black-atlas-cormorant-garamond-regular-latin.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-display: swap;
  unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+2000-206F, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}

:root {
  --research-cream: #f2eee5;
  --research-gold: #c9a66b;
  --research-ink: #090b0b;
  --research-panel: #121515;
  --research-muted: rgba(242, 238, 229, .64);
  --research-line: rgba(242, 238, 229, .15);
}

.research-page {
  background: var(--research-ink);
}

.research-hero {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  display: flex;
  min-height: 88svh;
  align-items: flex-end;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 156px 0 68px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: #090b0b;
}

.research-hero::before {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(242, 238, 229, .045) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(242, 238, 229, .045) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 92px 92px;
  content: "";
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, .9), transparent 86%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-hero::after,
.research-article-hero::after {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(5, 7, 7, .9) 0%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .65) 44%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .18) 78%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(5, 7, 7, .2) 0%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .08) 48%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .84) 100%);
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-hero__picture {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 0;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-hero__image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  filter: saturate(.78) brightness(.74) contrast(1.04);
}

.research-hero__inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.research-hero h1 {
  max-width: 1120px;
  margin: 20px 0 0;
  font: 400 clamp(70px, 9vw, 150px)/.8 "Black Atlas Research Display", "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
}

.research-hero__intro {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 680px) minmax(250px, 360px);
  gap: clamp(40px, 9vw, 150px);
  align-items: end;
  margin-top: 42px;
}

.research-hero__intro > p {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(242, 238, 229, .82);
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.25vw, 19px);
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.research-hero__stamp {
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-hero__stamp span,
.research-source-label {
  display: block;
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-hero__stamp strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 10px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.research-ticker {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: #0c0f0f;
}

.research-ticker__item {
  min-height: 174px;
  padding: 28px clamp(18px, 2.4vw, 40px);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-ticker__item:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.research-ticker__item span {
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-ticker__item strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 28px;
  font: 600 clamp(32px, 3.2vw, 52px)/.9 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.03em;
}

.research-ticker__item p {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.research-feature-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  border: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: var(--research-line);
}

.research-feature {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  min-height: 590px;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 58px);
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--research-cream);
  background: var(--research-panel);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-feature::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 100% 0, rgba(201, 166, 107, .12), transparent 25rem);
  content: "";
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity .25s ease;
}

.research-feature:hover::before,
.research-feature:focus-visible::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.research-feature:focus-visible {
  outline: 1px solid var(--research-gold);
  outline-offset: -1px;
}

.research-feature > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.research-feature__top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-feature h2 {
  max-width: 610px;
  margin: 46px 0 0;
  font: 600 clamp(46px, 5vw, 76px)/.86 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
}

.research-feature p {
  max-width: 570px;
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.research-feature__chart {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 58px;
}

.research-feature__bar {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 105px 1fr 48px;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 10px;
}

.research-feature__bar i {
  display: block;
  height: 4px;
  background: rgba(242, 238, 229, .08);
}

.research-feature__bar i::before {
  display: block;
  width: var(--bar);
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--research-gold);
  content: "";
}

.research-feature__link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: 36px;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-method {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  border-left: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-method article {
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 280px;
  padding: 30px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-method span {
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
}

.research-method h3 {
  margin: 60px 0 0;
  font: 600 38px/.9 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.research-method p {
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.research-article-hero {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  display: flex;
  min-height: 88svh;
  align-items: flex-end;
  padding: 156px 0 72px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: #090b0b;
}

.research-article-hero::before {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(242, 238, 229, .04) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(242, 238, 229, .04) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 86px 86px;
  content: "";
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #000, transparent 88%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-article-hero .content-container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.research-article-hero h1 {
  max-width: 1120px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  font: 400 clamp(58px, 7.7vw, 124px)/.84 "Black Atlas Research Display", "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.038em;
}

.research-article-hero__lead {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 34px 0 0;
  color: rgba(242, 238, 229, .82);
  font-size: clamp(17px, 1.4vw, 21px);
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.research-byline {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px 28px;
  margin-top: 34px;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-data-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: #111414;
}

.research-data-grid article {
  min-height: 190px;
  padding: 28px clamp(18px, 2.4vw, 38px);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-data-grid article:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.research-data-grid span {
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-data-grid strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 30px;
  font: 600 clamp(36px, 4vw, 58px)/.86 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.research-data-grid p {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 10px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.research-article-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, 280px) minmax(0, 760px);
  gap: clamp(56px, 10vw, 150px);
  align-items: start;
  padding-top: 96px;
  padding-bottom: 116px;
}

.research-toc {
  position: sticky;
  top: 104px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-toc > span {
  padding: 18px 0;
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-toc a {
  padding: 12px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-toc a:hover,
.research-toc a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--research-gold);
  outline: 0;
}

.research-article-body {
  min-width: 0;
}

.research-article-body section {
  padding: 0 0 54px;
  scroll-margin-top: 110px;
}

.research-article-body section + section {
  padding-top: 54px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-article-body h2 {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 0 26px;
  font: 600 clamp(42px, 4.4vw, 66px)/.88 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.038em;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.research-article-body h3 {
  margin: 34px 0 15px;
  font: 600 30px/.95 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
}

.research-article-body p,
.research-article-body li {
  color: rgba(242, 238, 229, .72);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.82;
}

.research-article-body p {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
}

.research-article-body ul,
.research-article-body ol {
  margin: 24px 0;
  padding-left: 22px;
}

.research-article-body li + li {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.research-article-body a:not(.content-button) {
  color: var(--research-cream);
  text-decoration-color: var(--research-gold);
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

.research-note {
  margin: 38px 0;
  padding: 26px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(201, 166, 107, .38);
  background: rgba(201, 166, 107, .055);
}

.research-note strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font: 600 28px/.95 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
}

.research-note p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.research-comparison {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  margin: 34px 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: var(--research-line);
}

.research-comparison article {
  padding: 26px;
  background: var(--research-panel);
}

.research-comparison span {
  color: var(--research-gold);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-comparison strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 30px;
  font: 600 34px/.92 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
}

.research-comparison p {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.research-source-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  margin-top: 30px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-source-list a {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 26px 1fr auto;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  font-size: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-source-list a span:first-child {
  color: var(--research-gold);
}

.research-source-list a span:last-child {
  color: var(--research-muted);
}

.research-article-cta {
  padding: 92px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 14% 0, rgba(201, 166, 107, .12), transparent 30rem), #121515;
}

.research-article-cta__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(280px, 430px);
  gap: 70px;
  align-items: end;
}

.research-article-cta h2 {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  font: 600 clamp(50px, 6vw, 88px)/.84 "Black Atlas Display", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
}

.research-article-cta__side p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--research-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .research-ticker,
  .research-data-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .research-ticker__item:nth-child(2),
  .research-data-grid article:nth-child(2) {
    border-right: 0;
  }

  .research-ticker__item:nth-child(-n+2),
  .research-data-grid article:nth-child(-n+2) {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  }

  .research-feature-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-feature {
    min-height: 540px;
  }

  .research-article-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-toc {
    position: static;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0 18px;
  }

  .research-toc > span {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .research-hero,
  .research-article-hero {
    padding: 116px 0 44px;
  }

  .research-hero {
    min-height: 78svh;
  }

  .research-article-hero {
    min-height: 86svh;
  }

  .research-hero::after,
  .research-article-hero::after {
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(5, 7, 7, .72), rgba(5, 7, 7, .18)),
      linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(5, 7, 7, .18) 0%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .12) 32%, rgba(5, 7, 7, .9) 82%);
  }

  .research-hero__image {
    object-position: center;
    filter: saturate(.82) brightness(.72) contrast(1.04);
  }

  .research-hero h1,
  .research-article-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(44px, 12vw, 58px);
    line-height: .84;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .research-hero__intro,
  .research-article-cta__inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }

  .research-ticker,
  .research-data-grid,
  .research-method,
  .research-comparison {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-ticker__item,
  .research-data-grid article {
    min-height: 148px;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  }

  .research-ticker__item:last-child,
  .research-data-grid article:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .research-feature {
    min-height: 560px;
    padding: 28px 24px;
  }

  .research-feature h2 {
    font-size: 48px;
  }

  .research-feature__bar {
    grid-template-columns: 88px 1fr 42px;
  }

  .research-method article {
    min-height: 220px;
  }

  .research-article-layout {
    gap: 58px;
    padding-top: 68px;
    padding-bottom: 80px;
  }

  .research-toc {
    display: flex;
    overflow-x: auto;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .research-toc > span {
    display: none;
  }

  .research-toc a {
    flex: 0 0 190px;
    padding-right: 22px;
  }

  .research-article-body h2 {
    font-size: 43px;
  }

  .research-article-body p,
  .research-article-body li {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .research-source-list a {
    grid-template-columns: 24px 1fr;
  }

  .research-source-list a span:last-child {
    display: none;
  }

  .research-article-cta {
    padding: 72px 0;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .research-feature::before {
    transition: none;
  }
}